In the eastern part of India lies West Bengal, a land of exotic beauty and charm. It is the gateway to the eastern part of India. A state rich with heritage, bustling streets, wild life, music, dance, drama, festivals and yummy food. West Bengal is famous for its ethnic and cultural diversity. Right from the mighty Himalayas in the north to the sea-caressed beaches in the south, it is a enchanting expedition over the vardant plains, hilly terrains, forests and the wonderful mangrove forests – the Sunderbans can be enjoyed there. A trip to West Bengal is also a wonder-filled journey through the rich cultural treasures of the state.

Cities of West Bengal

The cities of west Bengal are most interesting and most popular places in India.

Kolkata – The capital of the state is Kolkata, known as the city of joy. It is a home to the Nobel laureates like Ronalds Ross, Dr. C. V. Raman, Rabindra Nath Tagore, Mother Teresa and Amartya Sen. The land also takes pride in giving birth to the famous personalities like Netaji Subash Chandra Bose, Raja Rammohan Roy, Satyajit Roy, Mahasweta devi and many more. Kolkata is considered as the nerve centre of the intellect, art and culture. Tourists attractions in Kolkata consists of the Dutch, French, English and Portuguese styled building and majestic historical monuments. Other attractions of Kolkata are Vidya Sagar Sethu, Raj Bhawan, Eden Gardens Stadium, Dhakuria Lake, Metro Railway, Calcutta High Court, Birla Mandir, Shantiniketan, Science City, Nirmal Hriday (Pure Heart) of Mother Teresa, Academy of Fine Arts, Ochterlony Monument, Fort William, South Park Street Cemetery, Marble Palace, Kumartuli, BBD Bagh (Dalhousie Square etc.

Darjeeling – The hill stations of West Bengal are Darjeeling and Kalimpong. The majestic tea garden, lush green tea ga’West Bengal’ gives a brief description of the state West Bengal. Its major cities, and attractions are described in this article. Kolkata, Darjeeling, Shanti Niketan and sunderban are described here.rden, heritage toy train attract a huge number of tourists.

Shanti Niketan – Shanti Niketan is a land of art and literature. An excellent place to visit. The reminiscence of Rabindra Nath Tagore can be felt in every nook and corner of Shanti niketan. Shantiniketan is considered as a land of art and culture. Visiting to Shanti Niketan is a gift of cultural feast to yourself.

Sunderban – Home to the Royal Bengal Tiger and the largest mangrove of the world can be enjoyed in Sunderban only. Sunderban is an exotic location in West Bengal where the nature and eco- tourism lovers can enjoy variety of animals with water and plants.

The places those mentioned above are just highlights of West Bengal. There are some other spicy places in West Bengal, where you will find different colours and spices of life. These are Digha, Siliguri, Gaur, Pandua, Murshidabad, Bishnupur and Haldia. All most all the places of West Bengal are famous in their own way. For example Digha is famous for sea and beaches, Murshidabad is famous for silk sari.

The description of West Bengal will be incomplete if we do not describe the festivals of the land. It is also a land of multiple fairs and festivals. The main festival of West Bengal is Durga Puja. This four day festival is celebrated in grand scale in the state during the month of October. Beside this there are other alluring festivals in West Bengal with variety of food.

Talking to the food habits, the staple food of the state is Rice and fish. The mouth watering dishes of West Bengal is also another attractions of the tourists. The different dishes of fish and different sweets of the place tempt every traveler.

Bengal has rich cultural heritage and a glorious past dates back to 3rd century BC. The region has been ruled by Mauryas, Guptas, Palas, the Muslims and finally the British. Bengal is the birth place of many great personalities, philosophers, scientists, patriots, and home to five Nobel laureates – Ronald Ross, Sir C.V. Raman, Rabindranath Tagore, Mother Teresa and Amartya Sen. During British imperialism, this region was divided into two provinces of West Bengal and East Bengal followed the policy of “divide and rule” to curb the rising of national movement in India. Present Bangladesh is the region of East Bengal and West Bengal is one of the 28th states of Indian Union.

GEOGRAPHY

West Bengal is bordered by Nepal and Bangladesh and the states of Orissa, Jharkhand, Bihar, Sikkim, Assam, and Meghalaya in different directions. From north to south, it stretches from Himalayan Mountain to the Gangetic plain and the Bay of Bengal. The land is mostly plain except the northern region, which comes under the Himalayan mountain range. On the basis of landforms, the state can be divided into the following regions: Darjeeling Himalayan hill region, Terai region, North Bengal plains, Rarh region, Coastal plain, Sunderbans, Western plateau and high lands and Ganges delta.

CULTURE

The rebirth of Indian culture has taken place in this region of West Bengal which added a new chapter in the evolution of Indian history as Bengal Renaissance. This region is the land of Subhash Chandra Bose, Rabindranath Tagore, Swami Vivekananda, Mother Teresa, Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy, Jagdish Chandra Basu, Dr. C. V. Raman, Satyendra Nath Basu, U. N. Bhramcharya, Meghnath Saha, G. D. Birla, Girendra Sekhar Basu, P. C. Mahalanabish, Sishir Kumar Mitra, Debendra Mohan Basu, Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, Kazi Nazrul Islam, Saorjini Naidu, Amartya Sen, Saurav Ganguly and many more. The culture of Bengal is deep rooted in its soil and is distinguished by festivals, music, cinema, drama and literature. Festivals in a multidimensional scale are observed in spiritual ecstasy in the state especially during Durga Puja.

CUISINE

Bengalis are fond of Bhaat (rice) and Machher jhol (fish curry). There is a wide range of dishes and cuisines with variety of tastes. Most of the typical Bengali sweets have their origin in traditional household kitchens. The most famous of all Bengali sweet is the rasogolla (a kind of sweet) which is best eaten chilled.

PLACES OF INTEREST

There are three distinct types of landscape in West Bengal. First is the Red Soil famous for its rich color to the terracotta temple of Bishnupur, second is the Ganges Delta in lower Bengal where the Bengal tigers meander and the third is the charming Rajera Hill Stations of Darjeeling and Kalimpong lies in the foothills of the Himalayas in the northern part of West Bengal. Some of the famous India Tours and tourist destinations of West Bengal are Kolkata the capital of the state offers Birla Planetarium, Fort William, Botanical Garden, Zoological Garden, Eden Gardens, Nehru Children’s Museum, Howrah Bridge, Victoria Memorial, Indian Museum, Nakhoda Mosque, St. Paul’s Cathedral Church and Kali Mandir of Kalighat. Some other excursions are Digha, Diamond Harbor, Haldia, Barrackpore, Chandernagore, Bandel, Sunderban Wildlife Sanctuary etc. Darjeeling one of the most magnificent hill resorts in the world with breathtaking beauty crowned by the majestic Himalayas. Siliguri the gateway of Eastern India as it is the main transit point for going to Darjeeling hill region, Sikkim, Bhutan, Eastern Nepal and Assam. Kurseong a quiet township between Siliguri and Darjeeling noted for its secluded charm and Eagle’s Crag. Kalimpong secluded and tucked away in the corner under big Darjeeling umbrella, offers a quiet and relaxed holiday, against the backdrop of the Kanchenjunga. Mirik a nest in the hills, a long lake, a floating fountain and the glory of Kanchenjungha reflected in the lake waters. Dooars Valley forms a gateway to the hill stations of North Bengal and Bhutan and famous for unending stretch of virgin forests. Lava commands panoramic view of Jelep La and Rechi La passes, also the gateway to the Neora National Park. Lolay Gaon gives panoramic view of Kanchenjunga. The East Himalayas land of infinite charm with scenic views of Kanchenjunga, bewildering greenery, tea gardens, adventure spots, trekking and lots more.

BEACHES

The coastal trip of West Bengal extending from the Gangetic delta land to the border of Orissa offers breathtaking and eye-catching beaches of Digha, Shankarpur, Junput, Bakkhali, Frazergunj and Sagardwip.

WILDLIFE OF BENGAL

West Bengal’s wild life offers a fascinating diversity of terrain, flora and fauna. It is a delight for nature lovers. It is the home to the World Heritage Site – Sunderbans. Other major wildlife sanctuaries and parks are as under:

1. Neora Valley National Park

The Neora Valley National Park is located in the Darjeeling district of West Bengal bordered on the east by Western Bhutan. The forest of Neora Valley is one of the least tracts of virgin wilderness in the country harbors a wealth of flora and fauna.

2. Buxa National Park

The Buxa Tiger Reserve is located in the north eastern corner of West Bengal bordering Bhutan and Assam. It comprises of deciduous forests which are densely wooded and grasslands and is home to some of West Bengal’s most varied flora and fauna.

3. Sunderban National Park

It is located in 24 Paraganas district, has been designated as a World Heritage Site in 1985 and is a part of the Project Tiger.

4. Singalila National Park

This National Park is famous for Rhododendron, Magnolia, Oak, Hemlock, Silver Fir, Juniper, Mailing Bamboo, Buk, Kawla, Bhujpatra etc. Fauna are leopard, serow, pangolin, elephant, chinkara takin, red panda, barking deer etc.

5. Gorumara National Park

Gorumara National Park is located in the Dooars region of Jalpaiguri district in West Bengal famous for its natural population of the Great Indian one horned Rhinoceros.

6. Jaldapara Wild Life Sanctuary

The sanctuary located in the Mountains of Bhutan and the confluence of river Torsa and Malangi is the home of several wild lives like one horned Indian Rhinos, Swamp Deer, wild boar, leopard and tigers.

WEST BENGAL FESTIVALS

The common and popular Bengali saying ‘Baro Mase Tero Parban’ which means thirteen festivals in twelve months that signifies the umpteen number of fairs and festivals that take place. Some of the famous festivals of West Bengal are Gangasagar Mela in South 24 Pargana, Kenduli Mela in Birbhum district, Jalpesh Mela in Jalpaiguri district, Vasanta Utsav in Birbhum district, Naba Barsho throughout West Bengal, Rathayatra in Hooghly district, Jhapan in Bankura district, Bera Utsav in Murshidabad district, Durga Puja and Deepavali throughout West Bengal, Rash Mela in Cooch Behar district, Jagaddhatri Puja in Hooghly district, Teesta Tea and Tourism Festival held in a series at Darjeeling, the Dooars and in Sikkim, Poush Mela in Birbhum district, Vishnupur Festival in Bankura district, Eid throughout West Bengal, Dol Purnima and Noboborsho.

CLIMATE

West Bengal has a tropical climate. The plains are hot except during the short winter season while the mountainous region in the north is cold. Generally there are six seasons – springs, summer, the rainy, autumn, mild winter and severe winter.